Arterial insufficiency Ulcers

Hydrogel - Arterial insufficiency Ulcers

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Perhaps you are like many condition care professionals, and find it difficult to differentiate between venous and arterial ulcers. If so, the following report should help you to learn how to recognize and treat arterial ulcers, also known as ischemic ulcers.

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What is an arterial ulcer?

Arterial ulcers are ulcers that occur as a ensue of a faultless or partial blockage of the arteries. Other term for this is arterial insufficiency. Arterial deficiency occurs as a ensue of peripheral arterial disease (Pad) and causes decreased perfusion to the tissues distal to an arterial plaque formation.

What causes arterial ulcers?

Arterial ulcers are caused by inadequate circulation, which in turn is caused by arterial insufficiency. The hands and feet most often suffer the consequences of arterial insufficiency. Ulcers may form just at or below the ankle, between the toes, or nearby bony prominences.

What are the risk factors for the development of arterial ulcers?

There are any condition conditions that may place your outpatient at risk for the development of this type of ulcer, along with diabetes, high blood pressure, smoking, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, family history, hyperhomocysteinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperuricemia, and stress. These types of ulcers are more tasteless as a someone ages (60's to 80's) but may occur earlier in patients with diabetes.

Arterial ulcers are often precipitated by trauma, and a easy bump or scrape to an extremity may be the first cause. Once formed, these ulcers are slow to heal due to the lack of oxygen and nutrients as a ensue of Pad.

What are the signs and symptoms of arterial ulcers?

There are any signs and symptoms which should prompt the diagnosis of arterial ulcer. Some of these symptoms are:

- Cool or cold skin

- Reduced or absent pulse in the affected extremity

- Shiny, tight, dry skin

- Skin may be hairless

- Toenails thickened and brittle

- Ulcers small and circular in appearance

- Wound edges smooth

- Wound base is pale in colour

- Minimal fluid drainage (unless wound is infected)

How do I collate arterial ulcers?

Doppler ultrasound may be needed to collate pulses as they may be absent or diminished in the affected limb. You will note that the patient's skin will feel cool to the touch, worsening as you move down the limb. The outpatient may taste pain at rest or during ambulation.

Pain at rest is caused by diminished blood flow to the toes or foot that may be relieved somewhat when the foot is placed in the dependent position. When the outpatient elevates the limb above heart level, the foot may become pale; the leg will appear reddened or dusky when the leg is in the dependent position. Edema may or may not be present, depending on either the outpatient positions the leg in a dependent position for comfort.

How are arterial ulcers treated?

Affected limbs should not be elevated. At rest, the limb should remain in a neutral position. Patients should be encouraged to walk. Patients with arterial ulcers should not have their limbs compressed with stockings or bandages.

There are some medications (Trental and Pletal) that may help to increase blood flow in patients with Pad. Patients with chronic heart failure may be unable to take Pletal. Data to reserve the use of such drugs is not widely available.

Complete occlusion of a vessel may want vascular surgery.

Wound care in arterial ulcers

There are any theory that should be adhered to when caring for arterial ulcers:

- collate the wound daily for appearance, drainage, increase in size, signs of infection, and moistness

- Document wound appearance and size frequently

- collate blood flow frequently

- carry on pain appropriately

- Cleanse wounds with general saline or Other non-cytotoxic cleanser

- Moisturize the skin of the affected limb frequently

- select the right dressing for the wound in its current state-hydrocolloids, hydrogels, foams, and calcium alginates may be suitable choices

- Ensure enough nutritional status

- Be alert to signs of infection and treat aggressively-obtain a wound culture when in doubt as to either infection is present. The wound should be cleansed with general saline prior to culturing the wound.

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